{"id":720,"date":"2024-07-08T04:14:22","date_gmt":"2024-07-07T20:14:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/?p=720"},"modified":"2024-07-08T04:14:22","modified_gmt":"2024-07-07T20:14:22","slug":"aluminium-oxide-alumina","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/oxid-hlinity\/","title":{"rendered":"Oxid hlinit\u00fd Hlin\u00edk"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Oxid hlinit\u00fd (Alumina) je z\u00e1kladn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem mnoha pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch keramick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f. M\u00e1 tvrd\u00e9, k\u0159ehk\u00e9 vlastnosti s vysok\u00fdm bodem t\u00e1n\u00ed, n\u00edzkou elektrickou vodivost\u00ed a v\u00fdjime\u010dnou tepelnou stabilitou.<\/p>\n<p>Korund se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm ze stabiln\u00edch romboedrick\u00fdch krystal\u016f oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho (a-Al2O3), kter\u00fd m\u00e1 stabiln\u00ed krystalickou formu zvanou korund-hlin\u00edk, se stopov\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm chromu, kter\u00fd dod\u00e1v\u00e1 charakteristick\u00fd \u010derven\u00fd odst\u00edn, zat\u00edmco \u017eelezo a titan p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k modr\u00e9mu odst\u00ednu saf\u00edru u modr\u00fdch saf\u00edr\u016f drahokamov\u00e9 kvality, jako jsou rub\u00edny.<\/p>\n<h2>Kovy<\/h2>\n<p>Oxid hlinit\u00fd je ned\u00edlnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed v\u00fdroby kov\u016f a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se k v\u00fdrob\u011b slitin hlin\u00edku a kov\u016f. Vzhledem k jeho vysok\u00e9mu bodu t\u00e1n\u00ed a vynikaj\u00edc\u00edm tepeln\u011b odoln\u00fdm vlastnostem se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v pec\u00edch, keramice a vyzd\u00edvk\u00e1ch pec\u00ed. Oxid hlinit\u00fd hraje d\u00edky sv\u00e9 pevnosti, n\u00edzk\u00e9 hmotnosti a balistick\u00fdm vlastnostem tak\u00e9 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b civiln\u00edch a vojensk\u00fdch panc\u00ed\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Oxid hlinit\u00fd (oxid hlinit\u00fd) se vyr\u00e1b\u00ed rafinac\u00ed bauxitov\u00e9 rudy v rafin\u00e9rii oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho. Tento proces obvykle prob\u00edh\u00e1 ve velk\u00fdch obd\u00e9ln\u00edkov\u00fdch budov\u00e1ch dlouh\u00fdch odhadem jeden kilometr, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed stovky reduk\u010dn\u00edch bun\u011bk napojen\u00fdch na elektrickou s\u00ed\u0165 pomoc\u00ed velk\u00fdch kabel\u016f; po jejich spojen\u00ed vznik\u00e1 jako kone\u010dn\u00fd produkt korund nebo oxid hlinit\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>Korund je nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed formou oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho a z hlediska tvrdosti je druh\u00fd po diamantu. Mezi drahokamov\u00e9 formy korundu pat\u0159\u00ed rub\u00edny a saf\u00edry, kter\u00e9 za sv\u00e9 syt\u00e9 barvy vd\u011b\u010d\u00ed stopov\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edm\u011bs\u00edm, jako jsou atomy chromu, \u017eeleza a titanu. Korund slou\u017e\u00ed jako hlavn\u00ed slo\u017eka \u0159ezn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f a tak\u00e9 \u010detn\u00fdch brusn\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed na jeho povrchu; existuj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed aplikace korundu.<\/p>\n<p>Rafin\u00e9rie pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed oxid hlinit\u00fd jako z\u00e1klad pro pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 ve slo\u017eit\u00fdch termochemick\u00fdch a termomechanick\u00fdch procesech, jako je autotermick\u00fd reforming pro p\u0159em\u011bnu uhlovod\u00edk\u016f na synt\u00e9zn\u00ed plyn (syntetick\u00e9 palivo). Vysoce \u010dist\u00e1 keramika oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho poskytuje vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed chemickou inertnost, kter\u00e1 je nezbytn\u00e1 pro \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed takov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk se \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako katalyz\u00e1tor v rafin\u00e9ri\u00edch, aby usnadnil reakce, kter\u00e9 tam prob\u00edhaj\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b reakc\u00ed souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s v\u00fdrobou element\u00e1rn\u00ed s\u00edry Clausov\u00fdm procesem nebo s p\u0159em\u011bnou alkohol\u016f na alkeny.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk se \u010dasto p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 do cementu a betonov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, aby se zv\u00fd\u0161ila jejich pevnost v tahu, trvanlivost a odolnost proti korozi, jako\u017e i odolnost proti vliv\u016fm prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Hlin\u00edk lze tak\u00e9 p\u0159id\u00e1vat do lepidel a tmel\u016f za \u00fa\u010delem zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pevnosti spoje, pru\u017enosti a odolnosti v\u016f\u010di chemik\u00e1li\u00edm; krom\u011b toho se hojn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b zubn\u00edch implant\u00e1t\u016f a protetick\u00fdch pom\u016fcek.<\/p>\n<h2>Korund<\/h2>\n<p>Oxid hlinit\u00fd (zn\u00e1m\u00fd tak\u00e9 pod chemick\u00fdm vzorcem Al2O3) je univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed slou\u010denina s mnoha zp\u016fsoby pou\u017eit\u00ed. Slou\u017e\u00ed jako kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 surovina p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b kovov\u00e9ho hlin\u00edku i pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 keramiky; krom\u011b toho se m\u016f\u017ee v p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b vyskytovat tak\u00e9 jako drah\u00e9 kameny, nap\u0159\u00edklad rub\u00edny a saf\u00edry.<\/p>\n<p>Korund je oxid hlinit\u00fd se slo\u017eitou hexagon\u00e1ln\u00ed strukturou s velk\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm iont\u016f kysl\u00edku, z nich\u017e dv\u011b t\u0159etiny vypl\u0148uj\u00ed voln\u00e9 oktaedrick\u00e9 mezery, zat\u00edmco zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed prostor vypl\u0148uj\u00ed ionty Al3+, kter\u00e9 se v\u00e1\u017eou s ostatn\u00edmi atomy a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed neutr\u00e1ln\u00ed strukturu bez kationt\u016f vyrovn\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch n\u00e1boj pot\u0159ebn\u00fd pro jej\u00ed stabilizaci.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed korund se vyskytuje ve vyv\u0159el\u00fdch, metamorfovan\u00fdch a sediment\u00e1rn\u00edch hornin\u00e1ch. Jeho prim\u00e1rn\u00edm zdrojem je bauxit, z n\u011bho\u017e se z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 pr\u00e1\u0161kov\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd vysok\u00e9 \u010distoty (&gt;99,9% Al2O3); korund lze z tohoto v\u00fdchoz\u00edho materi\u00e1lu z\u00edskat Bayerov\u00fdm postupem; hlavn\u00ed lo\u017eiska se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v Austr\u00e1lii, Braz\u00edlii Indii Myanmaru (Barm\u011b).<\/p>\n<p>\u010cist\u00fd korund se tak\u00e9 hojn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako brusn\u00fd materi\u00e1l v pr\u016fmyslu i mimo n\u011bj, zejm\u00e9na jako sou\u010d\u00e1st v\u00fdrobn\u00edch proces\u016f pro vysoce \u010dist\u00fd oxid hlinit\u00fd. D\u00edky sv\u00e9mu tvrd\u00e9mu a odoln\u00e9mu povrchu \u010dist\u00fd korund \u010dasto obsahuje mal\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed uhl\u00edku, oxidu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho a oxidu mangani\u010dit\u00e9ho pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed odolnosti proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Korund lze vyu\u017e\u00edt tak\u00e9 jako katalyz\u00e1tor. Absorbuje vodu a dal\u0161\u00ed pol\u00e1rn\u00ed molekuly, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed v adsorp\u010dn\u00ed chromatografii; jeho katalytick\u00e9 vlastnosti nav\u00edc umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed odstra\u0148ovat s\u00edru ze sirovod\u00edku, dehydratovat alkoholy a izomerizovat olefiny.<\/p>\n<p>Krystalov\u00e1 struktura korundu se m\u016f\u017ee zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161it v d\u016fsledku ne\u010distot p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdch v jeho slo\u017een\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b element\u00e1rn\u00edch substituent\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed k r\u016fzn\u00fdm barv\u00e1m. Rub\u00edny a saf\u00edry vd\u011b\u010d\u00ed za sv\u00e9 barvy stopov\u00e9mu mno\u017estv\u00ed iont\u016f Fe2+ a chromu, kter\u00e9 se v nich nach\u00e1zej\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Korund je mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u011b pru\u017en\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd lze v z\u00e1vislosti na jeho pou\u017eit\u00ed vyr\u00e1b\u011bt v r\u016fzn\u00fdch tvarech a velikostech. Obr\u00e1b\u00ed se pro abrazivn\u00ed v\u00fdrobky a tak\u00e9 pro aplikace vy\u017eaduj\u00edc\u00ed vysokou teplotn\u00ed odolnost a dobr\u00e9 elektroizola\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm technik spojov\u00e1n\u00ed a tv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed z n\u011bj lze tak\u00e9 vyrobit jemnozrnn\u00fd materi\u00e1l z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho s vynikaj\u00edc\u00edmi vlastnostmi odolnosti proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed vlastnosti odolnosti proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Zpomalova\u010de ho\u0159en\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Oxid hlinit\u00fd lze nal\u00e9zt v mnoha aplikac\u00edch jako zpomalova\u010d ho\u0159en\u00ed a \u010dasto se tak\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako izolant na desk\u00e1ch s plo\u0161n\u00fdmi spoji (PCB) pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v elektronick\u00fdch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch. Schopnost oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho blokovat toky elektrick\u00e9ho proudu mezi sou\u010d\u00e1stmi zaji\u0161\u0165uje bezpe\u010dnost a izolaci elektrick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, zat\u00edmco jeho izola\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti sni\u017euj\u00ed rizika zkratu a po\u0161kozen\u00ed v\u00fdrobk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>neho\u0159lavost je d\u00e1na jeho schopnost\u00ed pomalu absorbovat a uvol\u0148ovat teplo, co\u017e pom\u00e1h\u00e1 v\u00fdrobk\u016fm vyhnout se vzn\u00edcen\u00ed. Jeho pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed jako n\u00e1hrady organick\u00fdch a halogenovan\u00fdch zpomalova\u010d\u016f ho\u0159en\u00ed se postupn\u011b ukon\u010duje kv\u016fli jejich negativn\u00edmu dopadu na \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Trihydroxid hlinit\u00fd, \u010dast\u011bji ozna\u010dovan\u00fd jako ATH, je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd hydroxid hlinit\u00fd, kter\u00fd se dnes hojn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako zpomalova\u010d ho\u0159en\u00ed. Nab\u00edz\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnou alternativu k halogenovan\u00fdm chemick\u00fdm l\u00e1tk\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 p\u0159i rozkladu uvol\u0148uj\u00ed toxick\u00e9 v\u00fdpary, a tak\u00e9 probl\u00e9my s \u017eivotn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00edm, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i jejich rozkladu. Slou\u010deniny hydroxid\u016f kov\u016f nejsou toxick\u00e9 a p\u0159i zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00ed se rozkl\u00e1daj\u00ed na vodu a inertn\u00ed oxidy; nav\u00edc jsou ekologi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e organobromov\u00e9 slou\u010deniny, jako jsou polybromovan\u00e9 bifenylethery (PBDE). Ty se v posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolika letech staly z\u00e1kladem chemick\u00fdch l\u00e1tek zpomaluj\u00edc\u00edch ho\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Oxid hlinit\u00fd proch\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b \u010detn\u00fdmi \u00fapravami, kter\u00e9 zvy\u0161uj\u00ed jeho neho\u0159lavost. Na jeho povrch se nan\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed silany, kter\u00e9 odstran\u00ed hrub\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1stice a zajist\u00ed rovnom\u011brn\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed velikosti \u010d\u00e1stic; to pom\u00e1h\u00e1 zlep\u0161it disperzi s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly a m\u016f\u017ee pomoci p\u0159i disperga\u010dn\u00edch procesech. A kone\u010dn\u011b, tepeln\u00e9 \u0161okov\u00e9 o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed d\u00e1le zvy\u0161uje schopnost zpomalovat ho\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b vlastnost\u00ed zpomaluj\u00edc\u00edch ho\u0159en\u00ed vykazuje ATH vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed oxida\u010dn\u00ed stabilitu, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee prodlou\u017eit \u017eivotnost polymer\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdrobk\u016f, kter\u00e9 s n\u00edm p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00ed do styku. Krom\u011b toho jeho odolnost v\u016f\u010di migraci v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch st\u00e1rnut\u00ed za m\u00edrn\u00e9ho tepla nebo vlhkosti a vysok\u00fd povrch pom\u00e1haj\u00ed zlep\u0161it mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti p\u0159i p\u0159im\u00edch\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed do polymer\u016f.<\/p>\n<h2>Plasty<\/h2>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk je inertn\u00ed materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b skla nebo k potahov\u00e1n\u00ed kov\u016f, aby je izoloval od tepla, a tak\u00e9 se tav\u00ed a odl\u00e9v\u00e1 do tvar\u016f. Oxid hlinit\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 slou\u017eit jako tepeln\u00fd izolant v pec\u00edch a zapalovac\u00edch sv\u00ed\u010dk\u00e1ch, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e jeho vysok\u00fd bod t\u00e1n\u00ed, n\u00edzk\u00e1 specifick\u00e1 hmotnost a \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 vlastnosti umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdrobu keramiky.<\/p>\n<p>Tvrd\u00e1 a biologicky inertn\u00ed keramika je obl\u00edben\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem pro lo\u017eiska ky\u010deln\u00edch n\u00e1hrad, zubn\u00ed implant\u00e1ty a tk\u00e1\u0148ov\u00e9 v\u00fdztu\u017ee. Keramika se d\u00e1le pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 ve zdravotnick\u00fdch pom\u016fck\u00e1ch, jako jsou um\u011bl\u00e1 kolena a stenty, a tak\u00e9 v laboratorn\u00edm vybaven\u00ed, jako jsou kel\u00edmkov\u00e9 pece a dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1stroje.<\/p>\n<p>Korund je forma oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho, kter\u00e1 se vyskytuje v rub\u00ednech a saf\u00edrech drahokamov\u00e9 kvality se syt\u00fdmi barvami, jako jsou rub\u00edny a saf\u00edry z Braz\u00edlie a Sr\u00ed Lanky. Jejich barvy v\u0161ak nepoch\u00e1zej\u00ed z \u010dist\u00e9ho oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho, ale obsahuj\u00ed stopov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edm\u011bsi, jako je \u017eelezo nebo titan, kter\u00e9 dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed jejich barv\u00e1m charakteristick\u00e9 odst\u00edny. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 tvrdosti se z nich daj\u00ed tvarovat tak\u00e9 brusiva pro \u0159ezn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje.<\/p>\n<p>Jakmile se oxid hlinit\u00fd rozpust\u00ed ve vod\u011b, vytvo\u0159\u00ed se hydroxylov\u00e9 skupiny, kter\u00e9 interaguj\u00ed s b\u00edlkovinami a zvy\u0161uj\u00ed jeho sm\u00e1\u010divost ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi kovov\u00fdmi slitinami, co\u017e z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00edho kandid\u00e1ta na n\u00e1t\u011brov\u00fd materi\u00e1l chr\u00e1n\u00edc\u00ed proti korozi. Hlin\u00edk se tak\u00e9 \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako p\u0159\u00edm\u011bs hl\u00edny v pec\u00edch za \u00fa\u010delem v\u00fdroby tvrd\u00fdch glazur pro pou\u017eit\u00ed jako keramick\u00e9 dekorace a anodiza\u010dn\u00ed \u00fapravy hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Oxid hlinit\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b brusiva, keramiky a n\u011bkter\u00fdch plast\u016f. Krom\u011b toho m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt roztaven a tvarov\u00e1n do tvaru pro pou\u017eit\u00ed jako izolace pec\u00ed nebo kovov\u00fdch odlitk\u016f \u010di pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165\u016f termo\u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f (p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f pro m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed teploty). Tyto p\u0159\u00edstroje funguj\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b Seebeckova jevu: dva kovov\u00e9 dr\u00e1ty o r\u016fzn\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch jsou na jednom konci spojeny p\u00e1jen\u00fdmi spoji a pot\u00e9 jsou jejich druh\u00e9 konce p\u0159ipojeny ke kusu keramiky nebo \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd zabra\u0148uje ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m tepla z chladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho kovu na hork\u00e9m konci, \u010d\u00edm\u017e vznik\u00e1 rozd\u00edl elektrick\u00fdch potenci\u00e1l\u016f, kter\u00fd lze elektronicky m\u011b\u0159it pomoc\u00ed elektronick\u00e9ho za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Aluminium oxide (Alumina) forms the core material for many industrial ceramics. It has hard, brittle properties with a high melting [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/720","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=720"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/720\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":721,"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/720\/revisions\/721"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=720"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}