{"id":612,"date":"2024-05-27T20:59:17","date_gmt":"2024-05-27T12:59:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/?p=612"},"modified":"2024-05-27T20:59:18","modified_gmt":"2024-05-27T12:59:18","slug":"is-alumina-conductive","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/je-oxid-hlinity-vodivy\/","title":{"rendered":"Je oxid hlinit\u00fd vodiv\u00fd?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Hlin\u00edk je technick\u00e1 keramika s vynikaj\u00edc\u00edmi mechanick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi, jako je pevnost, \u017e\u00e1rupevnost a chemick\u00e1 stabilita. Krom\u011b toho je d\u00edky sv\u00e9 tepeln\u00e9 vodivosti a odolnosti v\u016f\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m atraktivn\u00edm materi\u00e1lem.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch se iontov\u00e1 vazba v oxidu hlinit\u00e9m m\u011bn\u00ed v elektronick\u00fd izolant, ale p\u0159i vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch teplot\u00e1ch se m\u011bn\u00ed v iontov\u00fd vodi\u010d.<\/p>\n<h2>Vodivost<\/h2>\n<p>Oxid hlinit\u00fd, \u010dast\u011bji ozna\u010dovan\u00fd jako oxid hlinit\u00fd, je odoln\u00fd technick\u00fd keramick\u00fd materi\u00e1l s \u0159adou \u017eivotn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch a spole\u010densky prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed. V\u00fdroba oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho prob\u00edh\u00e1 v pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku z p\u0159irozen\u011b se vyskytuj\u00edc\u00edch lo\u017eisek miner\u00e1lu bauxitu s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edmi, chemick\u00fdmi a tepeln\u00fdmi vlastnostmi.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk je v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b odoln\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd se vyzna\u010duje vysokou mechanickou pevnost\u00ed, chemickou stabilitou a tepelnou vodivost\u00ed - d\u00edky t\u011bmto vlastnostem je ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch prost\u0159ed\u00edch, kde teploty dosahuj\u00ed extr\u00e9mn\u00edch v\u00fd\u0161ek. Jeho n\u00edzk\u00fd koeficient tepeln\u00e9 rozta\u017enosti nav\u00edc p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 ochrany p\u0159ed tepeln\u00fdmi \u0161oky.<\/p>\n<p>Elektrick\u00e1 vodivost oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z jeho kovov\u00e9ho slo\u017een\u00ed; v\u0161echny kovy jsou vynikaj\u00edc\u00edmi elektrick\u00fdmi vodi\u010di. Jako jeden ze \u010dtvrt\u00fdch nejvodiv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch kov\u016f na sv\u011bt\u011b je oxid hlinit\u00fd atraktivn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed pro v\u00fdrobu elektroniky a obal\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk se vyzna\u010duje vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed iontovou vodivost\u00ed. Jeho slo\u017een\u00ed se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z hlin\u00edkov\u00fdch kationt\u016f Al3+ obklopen\u00fdch kysl\u00edkov\u00fdmi anionty O2-, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed m\u0159\u00ed\u017ekovou strukturu s pravideln\u00fdmi hexagon\u00e1ln\u00edmi vzory a poskytuj\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00fd povrch pro absorpci a vazbu iont\u016f - co\u017e vede k lep\u0161\u00ed iontov\u00e9 vodivosti, ne\u017e jak\u00e9 lze dos\u00e1hnout u mnoha jin\u00fdch keramick\u00fdch materi\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Elektrick\u00e1 vodivost oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na jeho \u010distot\u011b a pou\u017eit\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edsad\u00e1ch a jsou k dispozici r\u016fzn\u00e9 druhy od \u010dist\u00e9ho oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho \u0159ady 1000 a\u017e po \u0159adu 8000 s vylep\u0161en\u00fdmi vlastnostmi, jako je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 vodivost (t\u0159\u00edda EC m\u00e1 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed elektrickou vodivost 61% IACS); ta v\u0161ak st\u00e1le zdaleka nedosahuje vodivosti m\u011bdi (p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 385 W\/mK).<\/p>\n<p>\u00darove\u0148 \u010distoty oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho ovliv\u0148uje jeho vodivost, mechanick\u00e9 a \u017e\u00e1ruvzdorn\u00e9 vlastnosti, tak\u017ee v\u00fdrobci jej obvykle vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00ed podle ur\u010dit\u00fdch norem \u010distoty. Spole\u010dnost Centerline vyr\u00e1b\u00ed hlin\u00edky s \u010distotou 99,5% a\u017e 98% pro speci\u00e1ln\u00ed aplikace; obra\u0165te se na n\u00e1s se sv\u00fdmi po\u017eadavky, abychom pro v\u00e1s na\u0161li ten nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Teplota<\/h2>\n<p>Oxid hlinit\u00fd (Al2O3) je extr\u00e9mn\u011b odoln\u00e1 technick\u00e1 keramika pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 pro \u0159adu aplikac\u00ed. Vyzna\u010duje se chemickou stabilitou, odolnost\u00ed v\u016f\u010di vysok\u00fdm teplot\u00e1m a biologickou inertnost\u00ed, jako\u017e i dobrou odolnost\u00ed v\u016f\u010di korozi kysel\u00fdch a z\u00e1sadit\u00fdch chemik\u00e1li\u00ed p\u0159i zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch. Krom\u011b toho je jeho tepeln\u00e1 vodivost srovnateln\u00e1 s grafitem a poskytuje vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed elektrick\u00e9 izola\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti, tak\u017ee Al2O3 je vynikaj\u00edc\u00edm materi\u00e1lem pro ochranu termo\u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f p\u0159i m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed vysok\u00fdch teplot.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk je velmi obl\u00edben\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem pro pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 aplikace d\u00edky sv\u00e9 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 pevnosti, odolnosti proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed a erozi. D\u00edky sv\u00fdm vlastnostem odoln\u00fdm proti ot\u011bru je oxid hlinit\u00fd vhodn\u00fd pro desti\u010dky a v\u00fdrobky odoln\u00e9 proti opot\u0159eben\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho jeho vysokoteplotn\u00ed elektroizola\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti hraj\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v elektrotechnick\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e stupn\u011b vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u010distoty nab\u00edzej\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd elektrick\u00fd odpor.<\/p>\n<p>\u017d\u00e1douc\u00ed vlastnosti oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho vypl\u00fdvaj\u00ed z jeho siln\u00e9 meziatomov\u00e9 vazby mezi kovov\u00fdm hlin\u00edkem a ionty kysl\u00edku, co\u017e vede k \u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm vlastnostem materi\u00e1lu, jako je vysok\u00fd bod t\u00e1n\u00ed, tvrdost, dielektrick\u00e9 vlastnosti a \u017e\u00e1ruvzdornost. Hlin\u00edk existuje ve v\u00edce krystalick\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch nevratn\u011b vracej\u00ed zp\u011bt do hexagon\u00e1ln\u00ed alfa f\u00e1ze, co\u017e je v\u00fdhodn\u00fd stav pro konstruk\u010dn\u00ed aplikace.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk je p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed, hojn\u00fd a nevy\u010derpateln\u00fd materi\u00e1l, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed ve v\u00edce ne\u017e 15 % zemsk\u00e9 k\u016fry, tak\u017ee je snadno dostupn\u00fd za rozumnou cenu ve velk\u00e9m mno\u017estv\u00ed. Fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed a chemick\u00e9 vlastnosti oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho z\u00e1vis\u00ed na jeho miner\u00e1ln\u00edm slo\u017een\u00ed a \u010distot\u011b; krystali\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed materi\u00e1l b\u00fdv\u00e1 pevn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a m\u00e1 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed l\u00e1mavost.<\/p>\n<p>Elektrick\u00e1 vodivost oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho dosahuje maxima p\u0159i 80 K, na rozd\u00edl od m\u011bdi, kter\u00e1 dosahuje maxima p\u0159i 100 K. Vzhledem k ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed tepeln\u00e9 vodivosti by v tomto materi\u00e1lu nem\u011bly b\u00fdt konstruov\u00e1ny trvale vodiv\u00e9 cesty, proto\u017ee by mohly vn\u00e1\u0161et \u0161um do sb\u011brn\u00fdch c\u00edvek a zp\u016fsobovat probl\u00e9my se sb\u011brn\u00fdmi c\u00edvkami.<\/p>\n<p>Elektrick\u00e1 vodivost m\u011b\u0159\u00ed rychlost pohybu voln\u00fdch elektron\u016f materi\u00e1lem. Lze ji ur\u010dit m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm teploty a odporu v\u016f\u010di elektrick\u00e9mu poli; u oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho je tento jev podporov\u00e1n vibracemi v jeho krystalov\u00e9 m\u0159\u00ed\u017ece p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje voln\u00fdm elektron\u016fm snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pohyb p\u0159es krystalovou m\u0159\u00ed\u017eku, m\u011b\u0159en\u00fd jako proud. Vodivost oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho z\u00e1vis\u00ed na jeho miner\u00e1ln\u00edm slo\u017een\u00ed a pou\u017eit\u00e9 metod\u011b zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Vlhkost<\/h2>\n<p>Obsah vlhkosti v korundov\u00e9 keramice a dal\u0161\u00edch materi\u00e1lech m\u00e1 z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na jejich vlastnosti, od tvorby a morfologie krystal\u016f a\u017e po vodivost a celkovou vodivost. Analyz\u00e1tory vlhkosti, jako je analyz\u00e1tor AMH43 spole\u010dnosti LECO Corporation, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00fd zp\u016fsob m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed vlhkosti t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem; pomoc\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00fdch vah, vysokoteplotn\u00edch su\u0161\u00edc\u00edch proces\u016f a pokro\u010dil\u00e9ho softwaru nab\u00edzej\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e9 mo\u017enosti m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed vlhkosti v keramick\u00fdch materi\u00e1lech i jin\u00fdch form\u00e1ch anal\u00fdzy materi\u00e1l\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Oxid hlinit\u00fd m\u00e1 na oxidovou keramiku v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b n\u00edzkou hustotu, co\u017e z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed materi\u00e1l pro elektrotechnick\u00e9 aplikace. Hlin\u00edk m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed odolnost proti ot\u011bru a chemick\u00fdm vliv\u016fm, tak\u017ee je vhodn\u00fd pro vysoce v\u00fdkonn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad v motoristick\u00e9m sportu.<\/p>\n<p>Na rozd\u00edl od jin\u00fdch kov\u016f nereaguje oxid hlinit\u00fd s kyselinami. Reaguje v\u0161ak s kyselinou fluorovod\u00edkovou a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed chlorid hlinit\u00fd; proto m\u00e1 vysokou odolnost proti korozi a tvrdost, co\u017e mu zaji\u0161\u0165uje vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed ot\u011bruvzdornost.<\/p>\n<p>Ionty oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho se ve vodn\u00fdch roztoc\u00edch vyskytuj\u00ed jako \u0161estivod\u00edkov\u00e9 kationty (Al3+). Donuj\u00ed protony molekul\u00e1m vody, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje hydrol\u00fdzu, a\u017e se v roztoku vytvo\u0159\u00ed sra\u017eenina hydroxidu hlinit\u00e9ho. Krom\u011b toho hexakva kationty napom\u00e1haj\u00ed \u010di\u0159en\u00ed vody.<\/p>\n<p>S rostouc\u00ed teplotou oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho kles\u00e1 jeho elektrick\u00e1 vodivost. To je zp\u016fsobeno oslaben\u00edm iontov\u00e9 vazby mezi atomy hlin\u00edku, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje voln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pohyb elektron\u016f a vznik vodiv\u00fdch drah.<\/p>\n<p>Keramika z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho je inertn\u00ed materi\u00e1l odoln\u00fd v\u016f\u010di chemick\u00fdm \u010dinidl\u016fm, tak\u017ee je bezpe\u010dn\u00fd a ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro biomateri\u00e1lov\u00e9 aplikace. Hlin\u00edk m\u00e1 mnohostrann\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed jako um\u011bl\u00e9 klouby, kostn\u00ed distan\u010dn\u00ed vlo\u017eky a kochle\u00e1rn\u00ed implant\u00e1ty; d\u00edky sv\u00e9 tvarovatelnosti je vhodn\u00fd tak\u00e9 pro v\u00fdrobu trubek a obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed pro v\u011bdeck\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 obrobitelnosti je nav\u00edc keramika z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed volbou p\u0159i nahrazov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed lidsk\u00e9ho t\u011bla.<\/p>\n<p>Hlin\u00edk je vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed izolant a snese extr\u00e9mn\u011b vysok\u00e9 proudy, ani\u017e by byl ovlivn\u011bn. Krom\u011b toho m\u00e1 vysokou odolnost proti ot\u011bru a dob\u0159e odol\u00e1v\u00e1 mechanick\u00e9mu po\u0161kozen\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 oxid hlinit\u00fd inertn\u00ed i p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, tak\u017ee je vhodn\u00fd pro chemick\u00e9 v\u00fdrobn\u00ed procesy a vakuov\u00e9 aplikace.<\/p>\n<h2>Koroze<\/h2>\n<p>Na rozd\u00edl od \u010dist\u00e9ho hlin\u00edku, kter\u00fd na vzduchu samovoln\u011b oxiduje a \u010dasem se st\u00e1v\u00e1 pyroforick\u00fdm, m\u00e1 oxid hlinit\u00fd nepropustnou vrstvu oxidu, kter\u00e1 jej chr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed dal\u0161\u00ed oxidac\u00ed a chr\u00e1n\u00ed jeho kovov\u00e9 j\u00e1dro p\u0159ed dal\u0161\u00ed oxidac\u00ed. D\u00edky tomu lze oxid hlinit\u00fd pou\u017e\u00edvat v mnoha r\u016fzn\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch a p\u0159edch\u00e1zet korozi; nepropustn\u00e1 vrstva oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho tak\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uje jeho odolnost v\u016f\u010di v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b kyselin, zat\u00edmco jeho vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed mechanick\u00e9 vlastnosti zahrnuj\u00ed vysokou tvrdost a lomovou hou\u017eevnatost, d\u00edky nim\u017e je vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed volbou materi\u00e1lu pro za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro chemick\u00e9 a elektrochemick\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed; elektrick\u00e9 izola\u010dn\u00ed vlastnosti z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed zachov\u00e1ny i p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch; proto je oxid hlinit\u00fd d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu vysok\u00e9mu bodu t\u00e1n\u00ed a vlastnostem odoln\u00fdm proti ot\u011bru vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed volbou materi\u00e1lu!<\/p>\n<p>Z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho lze vyr\u00e1b\u011bt r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky, nap\u0159\u00edklad elektrick\u00e9 izol\u00e1tory, keramiku, sklo a palivov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky. Je tak\u00e9 \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n jako slo\u017eka vyzd\u00edvek pec\u00ed a trubek laboratorn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f; jeho oxidov\u00e1 vrstva odol\u00e1v\u00e1 kysel\u00e9 korozi a z\u00e1rove\u0148 je \u010dasto pota\u017een chromem nebo niklem, aby se d\u00e1le zv\u00fd\u0161ila odolnost proti ot\u011bru. Krom\u011b toho je oxid hlinit\u00fd \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm brusn\u00fdm materi\u00e1lem, kter\u00fd lze opracov\u00e1vat diamantov\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji.<\/p>\n<p>Koroze oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt r\u016fzn\u00e9 formy v z\u00e1vislosti na prost\u0159ed\u00ed a podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch expozice. Jednou z t\u011bchto forem je eroze, kter\u00e1 se \u010dasto vyskytuje, kdy\u017e jsou hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 slitiny vystaveny p\u016fsoben\u00ed vody v n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9m chemick\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed; jej\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky urychluje rychlost proud\u011bn\u00ed, \u00farove\u0148 pH, obsah oxidu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho a p\u0159\u00edtomnost uhli\u010ditan\u016f ve vod\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Galvanick\u00e1 koroze (neboli koroze r\u016fznorod\u00fdch kov\u016f) p\u0159edstavuje pro hlin\u00edk v\u00fdznamnou hrozbu, proto\u017ee oslabuje jeho pevnost a zvy\u0161uje n\u00e1chylnost k prask\u00e1n\u00ed pod nap\u011bt\u00edm. Pro zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed jej\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f by se m\u011bl hlin\u00edk vyhnout p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9mu kontaktu s jin\u00fdmi kovy nebo kolem sebe instalovat izola\u010dn\u00ed bari\u00e9ru.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160t\u011brbinov\u00e1 koroze je dal\u0161\u00ed formou koroze hlin\u00edku, kter\u00e1 se \u010dasto vyskytuje v \u00fazk\u00fdch \u00fanavov\u00fdch trhlin\u00e1ch mezi \u010d\u00e1stmi hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 konstrukce. \u0160t\u011brbinov\u00e1 koroze se \u017eiv\u00ed kysl\u00edkem, roz\u0161i\u0159uje \u00fanavov\u00e9 trhliny a nakonec vede k selh\u00e1n\u00ed hlin\u00edkov\u00e9 konstrukce.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bdci zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se koroz\u00ed mohou sledovat v\u00fdkonnost keramiky z oxidu hlinit\u00e9ho p\u0159esn\u011bji ne\u017e tradi\u010dn\u00edmi metodami testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fabytku hmotnosti m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm elu\u010dn\u00edch iont\u016f b\u011bhem pono\u0159en\u00ed do r\u016fzn\u00fdch koncentrac\u00ed roztok\u016f kyselin. Atomov\u00e1 absorp\u010dn\u00ed spektrometrie umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u011bdc\u016fm analyzovat toto mno\u017estv\u00ed vyluhovan\u00fdch iont\u016f ze vzork\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00edm Al3+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Na+ a Si4+, kter\u00e9 se vyluhovaly.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hlin\u00edk je technick\u00e1 keramika s vynikaj\u00edc\u00edmi mechanick\u00fdmi vlastnostmi, jako je pevnost, \u017e\u00e1rupevnost a chemick\u00e1 stabilita. Krom\u011b toho se vyzna\u010duje tepelnou vodivost\u00ed, [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-612","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/612","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=612"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/612\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":613,"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/612\/revisions\/613"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=612"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=612"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artehistoria.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=612"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}